Posted: October 3rd, 2022

Build virtual models to learn about the structure of organic compounds

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OL Lab 9: Building models of organic compounds
Learning Objectives:
• Build virtual models to learn about the structure of organic compounds
• Draw extended structural formulas of organic compounds
Compounds that are based on the carbon atom are known as organic compounds. These compounds commonly contain, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen in addition to carbon. Carbon forms a variety of covalent compounds with varied properties. Carbon containing compounds are formed by sharing electrons, covalent bonds, between atoms. Most biomolecules, as well as most drugs, are classified as organic compounds. In this laboratory exercise, you will build models of organic compounds virtually and draw the extended structural formula of organic compounds.
Online Modeling Resource: http://molview.org/
Note: Be sure to build each of the compounds as instructed using the online modeling resource kit. This hands-on experience is an important part of this lab. You will need to copy the models you build in the virtual modeling resource and paste the images into this document. Please take the time to explore the structures of these organic compounds.
Exploration 1: Building models of Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons are a diverse group of organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen. Hydrocarbons can be linear, branched, or cyclic. Additionally, hydrocarbons can be saturated, unsaturated or aromatic.
Using the virtual resource build the extended structural formulas of the following compounds. Copy and paste the images into the space below. Additionally, type in the condensed structural formula.
Propane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
Butane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
Ethylene
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
Ethyne
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
Propyne
Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
Ethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
Exploration 2: Identification of Functional Groups
Part 2A: Building functional groups
Functional groups alter the properties of hydrocarbons.
Using the virtual resource build the extended structural formulas of the following compounds. Copy and paste the images into the space below.
Alcohol
Ether
Ketone
Carboxylic acid
Aldehyde
Ester
Amine
Part 2B: Identification of functional groups:
Complete the table below by identifying the functional groups and names of the condensed structural formulas below.
Condensed Structural Formula Name of Functional Group Name of Organic Molecule
CH3CH2COCH3
CH3CH2CHO
CH3OH
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2
CH3CH2CH2COOH
Exploration 3: Building hydrocarbons containing functional groups
Using the virtual resource build the extended structural formulas of the following compounds. Copy and paste the images into the space below.
Difluoromethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Trichloromethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Tetrachloromethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Propanol
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Ethanoic Acid
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Combine the propanol and the ethanoic acid from the last two exercises to make propyl ethanoate
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Phenol
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Dimethyl ether
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
Propanal
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
Hexanoic acid
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
Ethylamine
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
Questions:
1. Write the names of a biomolecule (also known as macromolecules) that contain each of the functional groups below.
a. Amine
b. Aldehyde
c. Carboxylic Acid
d. Alcohol
2. Find an example of an ester used as a fragrance or flavoring and give the name, condensed structural formula, and flavor of your chosen ester.
3. For each of the following, give the functional group and application
a. Formaldehyde
b. Ethanol
c. Acetone
d. Phenol
Reflection: Consider what you learned from this simulation. Reflect on three to four key concepts that you learned in this lab exercise. How could the lessons learned in this virtual lab relate to a real world situation in the community/world or your future career? Be specific in your answer (this should require 5-10 sentences).
Grading Rubric:
Activity Deliverable Points
Part I: Redox Reactions: Discover how batteries work! Virtual Lab 7
Part II: Exploration 1: Build/draw all hydrocarbons: 5 points 3
Part II: Exploration 2: Build/draw all functional groups: 3.5 points and complete the table: 5 points. 8.5
Part II: Exploration 3: Build/draw all organic molecules: 5.5 points, 5.5
Part II: End of lab questions Complete all questions: 9 points total (Questions 1 and 3 are 4 points each, question 2 is 1 point) 9
Part II: Reflection Write a 10-14 sentence laboratory reflection
2
All Lab Deliverables Complete ALL explorations and reflection activities 35

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