Posted: February 22nd, 2022

Pick a common disorder/disease of the urinary system and discuss it.

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I need to respond to a classmates post to a discussion question. Please respond to their post and please refer to the guidlines listed below their response.
Christine Stefan
RE: Discussion Week 10
Professor and class,
Pick a common disorder/disease of the urinary system and discuss it.
The urinary system includes two kidneys, two ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra. The main function of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body. Urine is excess water and waste that is removed from the blood and filtered through the kidneys.
A common disorder of the urinary system is a urinary tract infection. The urinary organs involved in a urinary tract infection are the kidneys, urethra, and bladder. Urinary tract infections are most common in females than males due to the urethra in females is shorter and closer to the anus. Frequently caused by bacteria, which causes infection and inflammation.
Symptoms of a urinary tract infection include pain in the abdomen, pelvic area, or flank; urgency, incontinence, and frequent need to micturate, nocturia, fever, vomiting, cloudy or blood-tinged urine and dysuria.
Sudden onset of confusion can occur in elderly patients, causing agitation, delirium, and behavior changes. This is due to a change in the immune system. As humans age the thymus and bone marrow produce less B cells and T cells as well as a decline in mature lymphocytes that are in lymphoid tissue. The bacteria are carried by the blood through the body, causing confusion and cognitive difficulties when the bacteria crosses the blood-brain barrier.
Practitioners use the urinalysis and urine culture too diagnose urinary tract infections. Further testing may be necessary if no response to treatment. These tests include ultrasound, cystoscopy, and computerized tomography (CT) scan.
Treatment may include one or more of the following antibiotics, Doxycycline, Amoxicillin, Nitrofurantoin, Quinolones, sulfonamides cephalosporins and trimethoprim sulphamethoxazole. If left untreated can lead to a kidney infection or even sepsis.
Risk factors include diabetes mellitus, Alzheimers disease, Parkinsons disease, incontinence of bowel or bladder, use of indwelling catheter, kidney stones, dementia, prolapsed bladder and history or urinary tract infections.
Prevention would include drinking eight glasses of water each day, urinate regularly, practice good hygiene, and if incontinent change clothing immediately.
The Discussion Board Guidelines are below.  Be sure to read the rubric. Please check this!  Its our way of telling you how to best succeed. For now, use the info below to guide you.
Post your answer on a specific topic to one of the questions.  This is due by Wednesday night.  You then need to respond to a classmate. Your response needs to be made on a dffierent day than the answer to the question.  Therefore, your posts needs to be made on  2 different days of the week.  You will not receive full credit if you post both comment to your classmates and answer my questions on the same day.
Here are some key phrases from the AP DB rubric about high quality posts:
indicate your mastery of the materials
integrate multiple views
present a seed for reflection
provide evidence that you are reading, comprehending the assigned materials and other student postings
giving thoughtful consideration to the assigned materials and other student postings
able to analyze them [the facts] and handle conceptual ideas
Be sure to either repeat the question to which you are responding or to include mention of the topic of the question in the first sentence of your post.  This allows others to orient themselves to your response. Also, as you are answering the question, please address the person you are answer.  For instance, when answering one of the question sets, address your answer to the instructor (and your class).  When you are posting a comment to your classmates, include your classmates name in your post so that they will know you are providing more information about their topic.  This will also help me to determine whether you are answering one of the questions in the question set, or making a comment to your classmates postings.
Important!  Remember to read all new posts before submitting your answers. Repeated answers/topics will not count as a post. It is best to make a list of the topics as you are reading each other’s posts so that you are not repeating posts when you submit your answers.
Your posts should be a paragraph in length (minimum of 300 words). This does not include the question, quoted material, in-text/end-of-text citations, or statements that say “I agree, great job, I learned a lot or similar language” when commenting on your classmates posts.  Short posts will not receive full credit. The discussions can incorporate material from the book as well as outside sources. When copying material for the text or outside sources (make sure it is in quotation marks), it does not count as part of the minimum length.
Remember that, in addition to your post answering one of my questions, you must respond to at least one other students post by the same set of guidelines.
When responding to someones post, remember to do more than just say: I agree or thats great.  Extend the discussion by bringing in a different example, asking a question, providing additional details, disorders, diseases, debating, and/or connecting their response to a question you chose to answer.
Keep in mind that in science we seldom use quotations.  The best way to determine if you understand something is to explain it to someone else in your own words.
All posts will be run through SafeAssign/TurnItIn, which is plagiarism detection software, per department regulations.  You cannot reuse previous posts you have written from a prior semester. Evidence of plagiarism will result in a zero for the assignment.  Repeated violations result in referral to the Academic Integrity committee.
Be sure to cite the source of your information when posting. Your citations can be at the end of your post.  In-text citations do not count towards your word length.
This is necessary even if you are not directly quoting someone.  You must provide a reference for any idea that is not your own, and for any information that is not common knowledge, even if you have put them in your own words.
Some internet resources are not acceptable.  These include any web address that includes about.com, answers.com, wisegeek.com or Wikipedia.org anywhere in the URL.  I will make a comment in your posts if the citation is unacceptable.  Repeated uses from the same website will result in point deductions.
If you use a source other than your text, be sure to include the entire reference.  If it is a website, when I click on the link, it should bring me to the exact page in which you obtained the information.  You can do this by copying the entire http:// line.
To help keep track of your sources, it helps to have a word file open while doing your research.  Copy the URL and title of the page as you type notes.  (This can also help with grammar and spelling if you use Word’s built-in checker.).
Spell-check your posts! You can spell check your posts easily within the DB reply window.
Read ALL the posts for the week, not just your own.  The DB is meant to be a true class discussion, not simply something to check off your list for the week.  The DB questions are a bit like review questions you might be given to answer before an exam.  The benefit here is that you are working together to answer them!  Our little learning community will sink or float based on how well we all paddle.
I know this is a long set of guidelines.  But following it will ensure that you receive a good grade for your discussion posts.  The discussion board makes up 10% of your overall course grade.

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